Underpaid by Qatar standards but they make significantly more than they would back home. That’s why they do it. Otherwise you wouldn’t be able to convince 7 million people to do it.

It’s less slavery and more akin to how we in the west would treat something like working on an oil rig or sent to a weather station. It’s hard but you do it because the pay is good.

Why? It’s not like the migrant workers are interested in Qatar. Most don’t want to live there and have families back home. The current situation is honestly pretty ok for them which is why they go there for work rather than stay in their home counties. Why would they ever destroy that?

There’s not really anything to gain yet it would cost them the opportunity which is the entire reason why they are there in the first place.

A lot of American farmland is unsustainable regardless of climate trends. Large portions of US farmland exist in water scarce areas. The largest example being the famous Central Valley of California which is really a near desert. The whole valley the way until well north of Sacramento averages less than 20 inches of rainfall.