How many adolescents have sleep apnea? If they do it’s likely correlated with a host of other risk factors for neurological changes which I hope were controlled for. I can’t access the whole article. I’m guessing with a random sample of 100 adolescents you’re not gonna find many with sleep apnea.

Yes, the best is when my manager says “use some good self-care, take some time for yourself” but gives no time in my schedule to do that. Breaks lead to backed up work.

What about the smaller hippocampi and frontal lobe hypo activation? I don’t think we can say with certainty that it’s just the amygdala impeding memory acquisition.

Ok but you are still negatively reinforcing your avoidance behaviors. If you want to be less fearful you need some degree of gradual exposure or desensitization. The relief of avoiding fear is very reinforcing.

Exactly, you reinforce my points. We don’t have a strong body of evidence on CTE

Yes, jockeys are in a similar situation. There’s actually research on jockeys. I don’t necessarily disagree that there’s a lot of potential risk from cumulative effects of the brain bouncing around in the skull. The problem is there’s also a lot of hype about it and not enough good science. I try to stay open and skeptical as a society should be.

If anyone gives you a definitive answer they are full of crap. We just don’t know. You have increased risk but no certainty of dementia

You mean life? Driving, running, biking

You may be right but you’re grossly overstating the evidence. Not everyone with concussions gets CTE. The science on tbi has not been stifled by the nfl. There are lots of veteran studies and athlete studies. Maybe the nfl is a different beast but let’s not get all dogmatic.

You really think this is a good study that gives us definitive information? Not so much. We still know little about CTE.

Did they control for alcohol use? They didn’t mention it in the limitations. 40-50% adult TBI is associated with alcohol use which we know is a cognitive risk factor. Also adhd and impulsive behaviors in young men correlate more with tbi which could be a factor. Not saying concussions are good but we still don’t fully understand why.

Great explanation. Thanks

Is all water accounted for and is there stable amount? For example rain runoff, water that feeds plants, frozen water, and our excretions of water? Is it always the same total amount just in different forms and places? Or are we losing water to something?

Why a no no? It gets you out and doing stuff

That’s an over generalization

But doctor should I take Prevagen? (After long discussion about exercise )