I did not mean that distance did not matter at all. But considered that a planet whit lots of volcanic activity and thich atmosphere could do fine at a long distance or perhaps even without a sun at all.

This is actually nonsense since the sun is not actually hot, the surface is but not the space around it. The sun rays hitting the atmosphere creates heat. Its actually very cold high up in the earth atmosphere where oxygen is low the sun is not heating up space. As long you have liquids distance don't matter much it could support life.