You are welcome...Baphomet.

Exactly. No one thinks all intelligent life is more intelligent than us, they think any that has managed to travel to earth would be, and probably so regardless of how long it took them to get here.

> bodies of water

Not proof of life. Just a far better chance that life exists, as we know it.

> vegetation on land

Proof of life. Plants are considered as living things because they fulfill all the characteristics of living things.

Plant life began began colonizing land 500 million years ago, during the Cambrian Period, around the same time as the emergence of the first land animals.

Microscopic organisms (microbes) left signals of their presence in rocks about 3.7 billion years old. Microbes would also be considered life as microbes are social creatures that live in communities shaped by cooperation and competition, and they change their behavior, sometimes for the worse, depending on the company they keep.

Link a peer reviewed scientific written paper, anyone can make a random video.

I thought archaeological evidence shows cuneiform dates back to at least 3500 BCE while hieroglyphs date back to around 3100.

How is that?

Likely finger counting. The base 60 system likely originated from ancient peoples using the digits on one hand to count.

With the left hand, the left thumb counts up to 3 knuckles on each finger for a total of 12. Then with the right hand, the right thumb counts each additional finger as +12. Five multiplied by 12 equals 60.

> The Sumerians were possibly the oldest civilization in the world and the first to establish religion and a code of law.

Other firsts include: invented the first form of writing, the first known number system with place value was the Mesopotamian base 60 system, the first to develop the turning wheel- which is a device which allowed them to mass-produce pottery, and they invented the plow.

Now I want to know about the wrestling career of Hank Thompson, the only man to ever beat Lincoln.

While he was with the Illinois Volunteers in the Black Hawk Indian uprising of 1832. A 23-year-old Lincoln was leading a company, and his men loved the fact that their towering Captain was a monster in the ring. Like old Denton Offutt, Lincoln’s company bragged throughout their camp that not a single soldier in the Army could throw Lincoln

A soldier from another company, a man named Lorenzo “Hank” Thompson, took up the challenge. Lincoln was a big man, sure, but Thompson was no small town bully—he was so large that Lincoln said he looked like he “could have thrown a grizzly bear.” This didn’t worry Lincoln’s men though, and they bet whatever they had on them on their Captain: money, whiskey, knives, blankets, anything to spice up the monotony of camp life.

Before the fight started in earnest, Lincoln and Thompson grappled a bit to get a feel for each other’s ability. After a few minutes of this, Lincoln leaned over to his men and said, “Boys, this is the most powerful man I ever had a hold of.” There’s no word on how audibly the soldiers in his company gulped, but I’m sure more than a few of them were gazing over at their bets with regret.

Lincoln finally met his match in Thompson. Thompson scored the first point with relative ease, and even though the second throw looked like a draw, Lincoln knew he was licked. He looked to his men once again and said, “Boys, give up your bets. If this man hasn’t throwed me fairly, he could.” For the only time in his career, Old Abe admitted defeat.

After Rome conquered Greece (~175 BC) they took a bunch of educated Greeks as slaves to do administration duties/scribes.

Then after the empire split, The Eastern Roman Empire mostly used Greek while the Western mostly used Latin.

> Any foreigner happening upon it would have to be able to both speak and write one of these two languages.

Only literate ones, and only those literate ones who knew one of those languages.

Scholars have estimated that at the high point of Greek civilization, fewer than one-third of the adult population could read or write. Even so, literacy was more widespread in the Greco-Roman world than it was in many other ancient civilizations, where the ability to read or write was limited to a small number of priests or scribes.

Very few people were literate in Egypt- almost all of them officials of state. Estimates are as low as 1% of the population as being literate in Egypt and up to 5% being the high end of the estimate.

The Leftovers. Episode 1 was weird as hell and I put it down. Got back to it and the rest is even more weird as hell but each episode seems to grows on you exponentially.

Mules. Emperor Vespasian (AD 69 to 79) was nicknamed “Mulio” (Muleteer). A full Roman legion was thought to use 1,080 Mules in its baggage train.

They are generally larger than donkeys (despite having a donkey father), and often considerably so. Their body weight makes them better pack animals. It is more powerful than a donkey, more stamina than a horse, and has a gentler temperament than both Donkeys and Horses.

> Plus you could pick them up after the battle and get someone to reforge them back into shape.

Swords from dead or retired soldiers could be reused as well, meaning they didn't need to make a new sword for every new soldier that ever joined.

For those who say it's unlikely, that's not the question. The question, (even it's well beyond a quintillionbillion to one chance), is IF.

> If we observe the share of trace elements in the gold from Troy, Poliochni and Ur, Bronze Age gold from Georgia correlates the closest with the stated find sites. But we still lack data and studies from other regions...

The Sakdrissi gold mine in Georgia was discovered in 2004 by German archaeologists from Ruhr-University Bochum and is dated to the third millennium BCE.

The region south of the Great Caucasus (present day Georgia) is known from the Greek myth of the “Golden Fleece”. Iason, a Mycenaean hero of royal origin, sailed with the Argonauts from Greece to the Colchis to demand the “Golden Fleece” from king Aietes. Iason successfully looted the fleece with the help of the king’s daughter, Medea. The “Golden Fleece” stands as a symbol for the recovery of gold from placers using the skin of an ox or a sheep. The myth of the “Golden Fleece” is proof of the economic wealth of this region. The richness in gold is verified extraordinarily by the excavations of 5th to 3rd century BC royal graves of the acropolis at Vani, the capital of the kingdom of Colchis.

> But we still lack data and studies from other regions...

A few contenders:

The oldest processed gold in the world was found in Bulgaria, 4,560-4,450 BC on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.

Nubian gold mines may have first existed from 5000 BC.

Homo sapiens have lived about 12,000 generations.

I feel I got pretty lucky to have timed been born when mankind advanced enough to figure out how things in space work and land on the moon.

Most likely it was Homo heidelbergensis.

Vikings where certainly not the first ones there and they may even not have been alone. The prehistory of Greenland is a story of repeated waves of Palaeo-Eskimo immigration from the islands north of the North American mainland. Other cultures who inhabited the Island before the Vikings include, The Saqqaq culture: 2500–800 BC (southern Greenland). The Independence I culture: 2400–1300 BC (northern Greenland). The Independence II culture: 800–1 BC (far northern Greenland). The Early Dorset or Dorset I culture: 700 BC–AD 200 (southern Greenland).

There is general consensus that, after the collapse of the Early Dorset culture, the island remained unpopulated for several centuries but the Norse may not have been alone on the island when they arrived; a new influx of Arctic people from the west, the Late Dorset culture, may predate them. However, this culture was limited to the extreme northwest of Greenland, far (~1500 miles) from the Vikings who lived around the southern coasts. Some archaeological evidence may point to this culture slightly predating the Icelandic settlement.

> traded with 3 distinct indigenous groups in...modern day Canada (specifically Newfoundland and Labrador).

What did they trade and where did they find it?

Not Canada, but the Maine penny, also referred to as the Goddard coin, is a Norwegian silver coin dating to the reign of Olaf Kyrre King of Norway (1067–1093 AD).

This was found by an amateur archeologist in the 1950's at an extensive archeological site at an old Native American settlement at Naskeag Point on Penobscot Bay in Brooklin, Maine. That location is about 500 miles south of Newfoundland.

The Goddard site has been dated to 1180–1235. Much of the circumstances of the finding of the coin were not well preserved in the record (as was the case with the majority of the other 30,000 finds, none of which included anything else Viking related).

> He hired a wonderful chief operating officer Gwynne Shotwell.

Yes, finding good talent is a great skill to have.

> he had little (which means he had some) to do with this launch.

Their accomplishments are stepping on the shoulders of his accomplishments- which means this launch is mostly to do with him.

They dug that ditch strait but Musk showed them where to dig to find the treasure.

CEO's are part of the process of everyone else getting things done.

How could they have ever launched this today without Musk setting them up and getting them ready?

He probably had more to do, if anything, with getting this launched today than everyone "on the ground" combined.

> he had little, if anything, to do with this launch.

Except the whole founding the company, deciding on the best way forward part, hand picking his partners, personally intervieweing and approved all of SpaceX's 160 early employees.

But ya- any of the engineers there now could have done all that to lead up to this.

So the main belt is not a protector of earth but a danger as the orbits of belt asteroids can be changed by Jupiter's massive gravity – and by occasional close encounters with Mars or other objects. These encounters can knock asteroids out of the main belt, and hurl them into space in all directions across the orbits of the other planets- like earth.

https://redwoodriverresort.com/parkmap

https://redwoodriverresort.com/cabins